OK; usually what happens is that if its bug damage, the holes, damage, etc will be in the middle of the plant, like yours. So yours is bug damage. The bugs go for the center of the leaves... USUALLY; there are exceptions.
Your cucumber being stunted like that is what happens when it started good and then there was an interruption in watering consistency. So the solution is more number of watering intervals per day and to be more consistent. Usually overall EVERYTHING grows better if you up the number of times per day that you water. I can't stress this enough! And a lot of the time you don't have to do more water; instead you are taking what you'd normally water before and then dividing it up among several times per day each. Works wonders.
Dehydration damage usually you see the damage on the edges of the leaves, and where new growth was going, it suddenly stagnates and shrivels up. So in the third picture, you see the yellow outline on the leaf's outside perimeter; thats showing you need to up the water a bit.
And you can have a blend of issues too, where if a plant had a lot of water and nutrients it would start healing up bug damage quickly. But then it can't because there's not enough, and so when the bugs hit it, they aren't healing it up fast enough. And when small this is the worst because small plants, maybe the amount the bugs took at night was more than the plant grew that day. This is why you also want to be aggressive on growth and watering early in the year before the heat hits.
For us what did good to was to have the neighbor of the cucumber plants be something that could help shade them a bit too. Cucumbers don't seem to like full sun much and benefit from a neighbor plant helping them a bit.